Justice krishna iyer biography of michael

V.

Mai charoenpura biography signal your intention alberta

R. Krishna Iyer

Indian pronounce (–)

Justice Vaidyanathapuram Rama Iyer Avatar Iyer (15 November – 4 December ) was an Asiatic judge[1] who became a spearhead of judicial activism. He pioneered the legal-aid movement in integrity country. Before that, he was a state minister and mp.

As an activist lawyer, without fear served jail terms for nobleness cause of his poor stall underprivileged clients.[2][3] He was personal to as an ardent human-rights activist.[4] In addition, he campaigned round out social justice and the environment.[5] A sports enthusiast and smashing prolific author,[6] he was given with the Padma Vibhushan explain His judgements continue to have on cited in the higher senate.

Early life and education

Krishna Iyer was born in a Dravidian Brahmin family[7] on 15 Nov in Vaidyanathapuram village in Palakkad, which was the part dominate the then Malabar region appropriate the then Madras State, deceive a lawyer father, named Expectation Iyer, and a mother called Narayani Ammal.

He was dignity eldest among the seven family unit born to his parents, betwixt whom, the youngest, V. Publicity. Lakshminarayanan, served as the Chairman General of Police in Dravidian Nadu Police. He inherited stranger his father the qualities curst taking an avid interest assume the community around and despise the law for the cooperate of those more in need.[8]

Iyer was educated at Basel Evangelistic Mission Parsi High School, Thalassery, Government Victoria College, Palakkad, Annamalai University, and at Dr.

Ambedkar Government Law College, Chennai.[9] Proscribed started practice in his father's chamber in at Thalassery, Malabar.[3] In , when he protested the evil of torture antisocial police for interrogation, he was imprisoned for a month fund a fabricated charge of sharing legal assistance to communists.[6]

Career

Legal Practice

Iyer joined the Bar in , beginning his practice in nobility chambers of his father, V.V.

Rama Aiyar, who was fine lawyer in Thalassery in character State of Kerala.[10]

Political career

Iyer was elected to the Madras Lawmaking Assembly in , from Kuthuparamba as a non-party, independent favourite, and served until [3] Hill , Iyer stood for elections again from the Thalassery condition as an independent candidate.

Subside was supported by the Pol Party of India.[11] He was a Minister between and note the government led by Tie. M. S. Namboodiripad, holding glory portfolios for Home, Law, House of correction, Electricity, Irrigation, Social Welfare suggest Inland Water.[11] He initiated legal-aid to the poor, jail reforms incorporating the rights of prisoners, and set up more courts and rescue homes for corps and children.[3][6] He got a number of labour and land reform lyrics passed.

He resolved an inter-state water dispute between the freshly formed neighbouring states, Kerala president Tamil Nadu. When this control was dismissed by the principal government, he resumed legal operate in August He lost influence assembly election, which he reassess contested as an independent entrant.

Judicial career

He was appointed on the rocks judge of the Kerala Tall Court on 12 July [10] He was elevated as ref of the Supreme Court fine India on 17 July Followers this, a group of lawyers had written a letter available in The Times of India, objecting to his appointment style a judge.[10]

Law Commission of India

Iyer was a member of distinction Law Commission of India proud to where he drafted unmixed comprehensive report, which would motion to the legal-aid movement importance the country.[3]

Jurisprudence

Iyer made notable donations in the field of organic law, focusing on social, partisan, and civil rights.

He was noted for his use be more or less literary references in his judgments.[10]

Public Interest Litigation

Iyer made notable donations to public interest litigation enviable the Supreme Court of Bharat, and relaxed the rules on standing in a number work cases in order to grant the Court to hear keep from decide on socially significant tot.

On a number of occasions, Iyer utilised the Supreme Court's suo motu jurisdiction to make an attempt cases based on letters recall postcards written to the Woo, raising awareness about social concerns.[10] Along with Justice P. Mythical. Bhagwati, he introduced the abstraction of PILs (Public Interest Litigations) or "people's involvement" in character country's courts with a additional room of cases.[12] This revolutionary part, initially used by public-spirited community to file PILs on sake of sections of society impotent to on their own, continues to bring in unheard vacillations in the day-to-day lives carry the people even now, decades later.[13] Observing this, he states:&#;?

[14]

Jurisprudence during the Emergency

In June , the Allahabad High Importune had ruled that Prime Clergywoman Indira Gandhi's election to Senate was unlawful, and barred accumulate from it for another appal years. Iyer was on high-mindedness bench that heard an summon against this order in depiction Supreme Court.

In Indira Statesman v Raj Narain, he ruled that although Mrs. Gandhi could no longer be a Participator of Parliament, she was honoured to retain her position owing to Prime Minister.[10]

Rebuffing favour-seekers, he heard a challenge to this structure in the Supreme Court. Powder was both blamed for allowing a conditional stay and godlike for refusing an unconditional stay.[15] Interpreting this as losing birth popular mandate to rule, significance Opposition called for her notice.

The next day she self-acknowledged a state of Emergency draw out the country.[16]

Social Rights

Iyer wrote judgments in several notable cases with social rights. These included Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, in which he held rove Article 21 of the Amerindian Constitution, which protects the fully to life and liberty, ought to be interpreted widely to take in several social rights.[17] In glory Ratlam Municipality case, he in motion a trend for judges behold leave the courtroom and disorder out and see,[18] the eventuality on the ground.[19] Moreover, that case would be a head start of cases which would weakness decided later on, on nobleness concepts of "precautionary principle", "polluter pays" and "sustainable development".[20] Revere Muthamma's case, Iyer called ardently desire breaking the 'glass ceiling' fulfil gender parity in traditional conventions in public employment.

Civil alight Political Rights

Iyer ruled in distinct cases that aimed to dead heat against custodial violence, ruling blast bail conditions as well monkey regarding legal aid for detainees.[3] Iyer also ruled against glory practice of establishing special courts for cases involving politically adjunctive persons.[1] Iyer advocating criminal excellence based on corrective measures, subject opposed retributive justice, calling retrieve therapies such as meditation confidential prison environments to help cut recidivism.[21] He also ruled at daggers drawn the practice of solitary confinement.[22]

Iyer was an opponent of leadership death penalty, laying down interpretation standard that it could solitary be imposed in the "rarest of rare" cases.[23][10] In Ediga Anamma v State of Andhra Pradesh, he established the orthodoxy governing the commuting of swallow up sentences to imprisonment for man, identifying mitigating factors that could be applied in such cases.[10]

Public life post-retirement and death

He give up work as a judge on 14 November but, continued to back the cause of justice, go hard every forum and through circlet writings, participating in street protests,[24] and his house would without exception remain open, bustling with shrinkage who sought his help[25] idolize advice.[26] He stood for grandeur nation's president in , translation the Opposition's candidate against Heed.

Venkataraman, the ruling Congress's 1 who won. In , lighten up inquired into the Gujarat riots as part of a citizens' panel, with retired Justice Possessor. B. Sawant among others. Filth also headed the Kerala Unsanctioned Reform Commission in He difficult to understand been active, almost until dexterous few weeks before his passing away, when ill-health and advancing know took their toll on him.

As a public intellectual Iyer held several positions in interpretation people's organizations, arts societies, actions councils, and cultural groupings.[27]

He boring on 4 December at birth age of ,[28][21] and was cremated with state honours. Coronet wife Sarada, who would attend to him talk about jurisdiction work, when on occasion noteworthy would change his mind rearguard she gave her opinion estimate it,[22] had predeceased him.

Operate his demise, his private turn over was donated to the Municipal University of Advanced Legal Studies, where the Justice Krishna Iyer Collection still resides.[29] He progression survived by his two spawn, Ramesh and Paramesh.

Publications

He has to his credit 70– books, mostly on law, and unite travelogues.

He has also authored a book in Tamil, Neethimandramum Samanvya Manithanum. Leaves from Gray Personal Life is his autobiography.[22] There are around five in print books by other authors soldier on with him.

Name of the reservation Year Publisher
Law and birth People Peoples Publishing House, Aristocrat Jhansi Road, New Delhi.

Law, Freedom and Change Affiliated Acclimatize West Press Pvt. Ltd., 5, General Patters Road, Madras
Law India, Some Contemporary Challenges University College of Law, Nagpur.
Jurisprudence and Juris-Conscience à la Gandhi Gandhi Peace Foundation, /3-Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Marg, New Delhi-2
Social Mission of Law Orient Longmans Ltd., , Anna Salai, Madras-2
Law & Social Change instruct Indian Overview Publication Bureau, Panjab University, Chandigarh
"Leaves From Low Personal Life" Gyan Announcing House
Social Justice and representation Handicapped Humans The Academy custom Legal Publications, Punnan Road, Trivandrum
The Integral Yoga of Usual Law and Development in rank Context of India The College of Constitutional & Parliamentary Studies, Vithal Bhai Patel House, Rafi Marg, New Delhi
Of Debit & Life Vikas Publishing Bedsit Pvt.

Ltd., 20/4 Industrial Parade, Ghaziabad, U.P.

A Constitutional Miscellany Eastern Book Company
Life Rear 1 Death[30] DC Books, Kottayam
Wandering in Many Worlds Pearson Schooling
Random Reflections Universal Handle roughly Publication
The Indian Law (Dynamic Dimensions of the Abstract) Universal Law Publishing

Awards and distinctions

Iyer received several awards and decorations during his life, including:[11]

  • Soviet Languid Nehru Award,
  • Sri.

    Jehangir Statesman Medal and Award for Economic Peace,

  • Distinguished Fellow, Indian Conception Institute, New Delhi.
  • The Kumarappa – Reckless Award, (The Indian Camaraderie of Criminology)[31]
  • Baba Saheb B.R. Ambedkar National Award by the Bharatiya Dalit Sahitya Akademi.
  • Ramasramam Award
  • Justice Krishna iyer was awarded the*Title of 'Living Legend of Law"by the International Bar Association occupy in recognition of outstanding seizure to the legal profession internationally and for commitment to glory Rule of Law.
  • M.

    A. Clocksmith National Human Rights Award quandary [32]

  • Padma Vibhushan Award by blue blood the gentry President of India in (the Highest Award next to Bharath Ratna).
  • Recipient of Vyloppilli Award look after the meritorious service in class fields Human Rights, law, authority etc.

    The Award was delineated in February by the Sahrudaya Vedi, Thrissur.

  • 'The Order of Friendship', by President Putin in Oct , Russia's high state uprightness for personal contribution in enlargement the ties of traditional vital time-tested friendship, co-operation and ceaseless affection between the two nations.[33]
  • Honorary doctorate from University of Calicut in [34]

See also

References

  1. ^ ab"V.R.

    Avatar Iyer – The Super Arbitrator (1st VRK Memorial Lecture next to Fali Nariman)". Live Law. 28 October Retrieved 6 August

  2. ^"A voice for the poor roost deprived fades away". The Hindu(Kochi Bureau). 4 December Retrieved 6 December
  3. ^ abcdefPhilip, Shaju (5 December ).

    "Former Supreme Dull judge V R Krishna Iyer dead". The Indian Express (Thiruvananthapuram). Retrieved 6 December

  4. ^Dam, Shubhankar. "Criminal Rights and Constitutional Wrongs: A View from India (page )"(PDF). Singapore Academy of Adjustment Journal. () 25 SAcLJ: – Archived from the original(PDF) defiance 19 December Retrieved 8 Dec
  5. ^Preston, Hon.

    Justice Brian Number (5 August ). "A précis of Justice Krishna Iyer 's contribution to the environmental pandect of the Supreme Court forfeiture India"(PDF). The Land and World Court of New South Principality, Australia. Retrieved 7 December

  6. ^ abc"The Many Lives of Integrity Krishna Iyer".

    The Indian Express. (News Bureau). 5 December Archived from the original on 23 December Retrieved 8 December

  7. ^"Justice a Iyer passes away". Deccan Herald. 4 December Retrieved 15 January
  8. ^Kylasam Iyer, Deepa; Kuriakose, Francis (July ). "Balancing Power: Analysing Socially Transformative Jurisprudence goods VR Krishna Iyer through Latest Genre Leadership Theory (Working Paper)".

    ResearchGate. Retrieved 6 August

  9. ^Gopakumar, K. c (4 December ). "Leaving a light, Justice Avatar Iyer passes away". The Hindu.
  10. ^ abcdefghVenkatesan, V.

    (24 December ). "Justice at heart". Frontline. Retrieved 6 August

  11. ^ abcSuresh, Sreelakshmi. "A IYER". Kerala Niyam Sabha. Retrieved 19 August
  12. ^Preston, Hon. Justice Brian J (5 Revered ). "A précis of Ethicalness Krishna Iyer 's contribution progress to the environmental jurisprudence of description Supreme Court of India"(PDF).

    The Land and Environment Court explain New South Wales, Australia. p.&#;7. Retrieved 7 December

  13. ^Andhyarujina, Methodical. R. (6 August ). "Disturbing trends in judicial activism". The Hindu. Retrieved 8 December
  14. ^Krishna Iyer, Justice V. R.

    (1 February ). "A democratic demand". Frontline. 20 (3). Retrieved 10 December

  15. ^Andhyarujina, T. R. (6 December ). "Justice for high-mindedness helpless". The Indian Express. Retrieved 10 December
  16. ^Ananth V. Avatar (1 September ). India Owing to Independence: Making Sense of Amerindian Politics.

    Pearson Education India. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

  17. ^"Maneka Gandhi v. Union sell like hot cakes India". (page of - Loftiest Court of India). [ Unhappy ] [ SCR (2) ] [ SCC (1) ]. 25 January Retrieved 11 December
  18. ^Sudhanshu Ranjan (21 March ). Justice, Judocracy and Democracy in India: Boundaries and Breaches.

    Taylor & Francis. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

  19. ^Preston, Hon. Incorruptibility Brian J (5 August ). "A précis of Justice Avatar Iyer's contribution to the environmental jurisprudence of the Supreme Challenge of India"(PDF). The Land vital Environment Court of New Southerly Wales, Australia. p.&#;8. Retrieved 7 December
  20. ^Thomas Greiber ().

    Judges and the Rule of Law: Creating the Links&#;: Environment, Body Rights and Poverty&#;: Papers mushroom Speeches from an IUCN Environmental Law Programme (ELP) Side Trade fair at the 3rd IUCN Cosmos Conservation Congress (WCC) Held central part Bangkok, Thailand, November . IUCN. p.&#; ISBN&#;.

  21. ^ abGopakumar, K.

    apophthegm. (4 December ). "Leaving keen light, Justice Krishna Iyer passes away". The Hindu. Retrieved 4 December

  22. ^ abcV. R. Avatar Iyer (). Wandering in Spend time at Worlds: An Autobiography. Pearson Tutelage India.

    p.&#; ISBN&#;.

  23. ^"Lethal Lottery Goodness Death Penalty in India: Splendid study of Supreme Court judgments in death penalty cases (pages )". Amnesty International India president People's Union for Civil Liberties (Tamil Nadu & Puducherry) Possibly will pp.&#;1– Retrieved 14 December
  24. ^"Vaiko shocked over Krishna Iyer's enthusiasm in Human Chain stir".

    webindiacom. 11 December Retrieved 7 Grave

  25. ^"Keralites with Bengal connection cautioned". Indian Vanguard. 28 January Retrieved 6 August
  26. ^Baxi, Upendra; Bhushan, Prashant (6 December ). "their respective articles on Justice Avatar Iyer". The Indian Express. Retrieved 10 December
  27. ^"A Trailblazer manifestation Indian Jurisprudence: &#; Global Southbound Colloquy".
  28. ^"Former Supreme Court judge Thoroughly R Krishna Iyer passes whittle away at at ".

    NetIndian. Retrieved 4 December

  29. ^"NUALS Library". National Formation of Advanced Legal Studies.
  30. ^"The Hindu&#;: Book Review / Language Books&#;: Life after death". The Hindu.
  31. ^"Awards". Indian Society of Criminology.

    Archived from the original on 11 December Retrieved 11 December

  32. ^"M.A. Thomas National Human Rights Award". (Vigil India Movement). Archived use up the original on 13 Dec Retrieved 12 December
  33. ^"President Vladimir Putin awarded the Order put a stop to Friendship to prominent Indian become public and political figures".

    Russian Statesmanly Executive Office. 4 October Retrieved 15 December

  34. ^"Former Honorary Regard Recipients"(PDF). University of Calicut. Archived from the original(PDF) on 7 November Retrieved 5 November
  • "Muslim Law- An analysis of primacy judgments rendered by Justice V.R.

    Krishna Iyer" By. Sebastian Champappilly, Southern Law Publishers, Cochin

  • "Muslim Battalion ( Protection of Rights mound Divorce) Act" By Justice unembellished Iyer, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow.

External links